Energy Used By Apps Mac

This article describes some of the commonly used features of Activity Monitor, a kind of task manager that allows you see how apps and other processes are affecting your CPU, memory, energy, disk and network usage.

The memory pane shows how memory is being used on your Mac. Apps using a lot of memory will affect your startup drive. Click the 'Memory' column to sort memory usage. If a process is using an excessive amount of memory, it might affect the performance of your Mac. May 31, 2020  All of these settings live in the Energy Saver area of your Mac’s Preferences app, and the options you see will vary depending on what computer you are using. The screenshot was taken on a 2018 MacBook Air, and the other on a 2018 Mac mini, but if you’re using a MacBook, MacBook Pro, or MacBook Air you’ll see different settings for. Jul 02, 2020  A new strain of malware targeting Mac users has been spotted. The malware, called ThiefQuest, is being delivered pushed to would-be victims as part of an infected torrent download.

Open Activity Monitor from the Utilities folder of your Applications folder or use Spotlight to find it.

Overview

The processes shown in Activity Monitor can be user apps, system apps used by macOS or invisible background processes. Use the five category tabs at the top of the Activity Monitor window to see how processes are affecting your Mac in each category.

Add or remove columns in each of these panes by choosing View > Columns from the menu bar. The View menu also allows you to choose which processes are shown in each pane:

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  • All Processes
  • All Processes Hierarchically: Processes that belong to other processes, so you can see the parent/child relationship between them.
  • My Processes: Processes owned by your macOS user account.
  • System Processes: Processes owned by macOS.
  • Other User Processes: Processes that aren’t owned by the root user or current user.
  • Active Processes: Running processes that aren’t sleeping.
  • Inactive Processes: Running processes that are sleeping.
  • Windowed Processes: Processes that can create a window. These are usually apps.
  • Selected Processes: Processes that you selected in the Activity Monitor window.
  • Applications in the last 8 hours: Apps that were running processes in the last 8 hours.

CPU

The CPU pane shows how processes are affecting CPU (processor) activity:

Click the top of the '% CPU' column to sort by the percentage of CPU capability used by each process. This information and the information in the Energy pane can help identify processes that are affecting Mac performance, battery runtime, temperature and fan activity.

More information is available at the bottom of the CPU pane:

  • System: The percentage of CPU capability currently used by system processes, which are processes that belong to macOS.
  • User: The percentage of CPU capability currently used by apps that you opened, or by the processes those apps opened.
  • Idle: The percentage of CPU capability not being used.
  • CPU Load: The percentage of CPU capability currently used by all System and User processes. The graph moves from right to left and updates at the intervals set in View > Update Frequency. The colour blue shows the percentage of total CPU capability currently used by user processes. The colour red shows the percentage of total CPU capability currently used by system processes.
  • Threads: The total number of threads used by all processes combined.
  • Processes: The total number of processes currently running.

You can also see CPU or GPU usage in a separate window or in the Dock:

  • To open a window showing current processor activity, choose Window > CPU Usage. To show a graph of this information in your Dock, choose View > Dock Icon > Show CPU Usage.
  • To open a window showing recent processor activity, choose Window > CPU History. To show a graph of this information in your Dock, choose View > Dock Icon > Show CPU History.
  • To open a window showing recent graphics processor (GPU) activity, choose Window > GPU History. Energy usage related to such activity is incorporated into the energy-impact measurements in the Energy tab of Activity Monitor.

Mac Apps Download

Memory

The Memory pane shows information about how memory is being used:

More information is available at the bottom of the Memory pane:

  • Memory Pressure: The Memory Pressure graph helps illustrate the availability of memory resources. The graph moves from right to left and updates at the intervals set in View > Update Frequency. The current state of memory resources is indicated by the colour at the right side of the graph:
    • Green: Memory resources are available.
    • Yellow: Memory resources are still available but are being tasked by memory-management processes, such as compression.
    • Red: Memory resources are depleted and macOS is using your startup drive for memory. To make more RAM available, you can quit one or more apps or install more RAM. This is the most important indicator that your Mac may need more RAM.
  • Physical Memory: The amount of RAM installed in your Mac.
  • Memory Used: The total amount of memory currently used by all apps and macOS processes.
    • App Memory: The total amount of memory currently used by apps and their processes.
    • Wired Memory: Memory that can’t be compressed or paged out to your startup drive, so it must stay in RAM. The wired memory used by a process can’t be borrowed by other processes. The amount of wired memory used by an app is determined by the app's programmer.
    • Compressed: The amount of memory in RAM that is compressed to make more RAM memory available to other processes. Look in the Compressed Mem column to see the amount of memory compressed for each process.
  • Swap Used: The space used on your startup drive by macOS memory management. It's normal to see some activity here. As long as memory pressure is not in the red state, macOS has memory resources available.
  • Cached Files: Memory that was recently used by apps and is now available for use by other apps. For example, if you've been using Mail and then quit Mail, the RAM that Mail was using becomes part of the memory used by cached files, which then becomes available to other apps. If you open Mail again before its cached-files memory is used (overwritten) by another app, Mail opens more quickly because that memory is quickly converted back to app memory without having to load its contents from your startup drive.

For more information about memory management, refer to the Apple Developer website.

Energy

The Energy pane shows overall energy use and the energy used by each app:

  • Energy Impact: A relative measure of the current energy consumption of the app. Lower numbers are better. A triangle to the left of an app's name means that the app consists of multiple processes. Click the triangle to see details about each process.
  • Avg Energy Impact: The average energy impact for the past 8 hours or since the Mac started up, whichever is shorter. Average energy impact is also shown for apps that were running during that time, but have since been quit. The names of those apps are dimmed.
  • App Nap: Apps that support App Nap consume very little energy when they are open but not being used. For example, an app might nap when it's hidden behind other windows or when it's open in a space that you aren't currently viewing.
  • Preventing Sleep: Indicates whether the app is preventing your Mac from going to sleep.

More information is available at the bottom of the Energy pane:

  • Energy Impact: A relative measure of the total energy used by all apps. The graph moves from right to left and updates at the intervals set in View > Update Frequency.
  • Graphics Card: The type of graphics card currently used. Higher–performance cards use more energy. Macs that support automatic graphics switching save power by using integrated graphics. They switch to a higher-performance graphics chip only when an app needs it. 'Integrated' means the Mac is currently using integrated graphics. 'High Perf.' means the Mac is currently using high-performance graphics. To identify apps that are using high-performance graphics, look for apps that show 'Yes' in the Requires High Perf GPU column.
  • Remaining Charge: The percentage of charge remaining on the battery of a portable Mac.
  • Time Until Full: The amount of time your portable Mac must be plugged into an AC power outlet to become fully charged.
  • Time on AC: The time elapsed since your portable Mac was plugged into an AC power outlet.
  • Time Remaining: The estimated amount of battery time remaining on your portable Mac.
  • Time on Battery: The time elapsed since your portable Mac was unplugged from AC power.
  • Battery (Last 12 hours): The battery charge level of your portable Mac over the last 12 hours. The colour green shows times when the Mac was getting power from a power adapter.

As energy use increases, the length of time that a Mac can operate on battery power decreases. If the battery life of your portable Mac is shorter than usual, you can use the Avg Energy Impact column to find apps that have been using the most energy recently. Quit those apps if you don't need them, or contact the developer of the app if you notice that the app's energy use remains high even when the app doesn't appear to be doing anything.

Disk

The Disk pane shows the amount of data that each process has read from your disk and written to your disk. It also shows 'reads in' and 'writes out' (IO), which represent the number of times that your Mac accesses the disk to read and write data.

The information at the bottom of the Disk pane shows total disk activity across all processes. The graph moves from right to left and updates at the intervals set in View > Update Frequency. The graph also includes a pop-up menu to switch between showing IO or data as a unit of measurement. The colour blue shows either the number of reads per second or the amount of data read per second. The colour red shows either the number of writes out per second or the amount of data written per second.

To show a graph of disk activity in your Dock, choose View > Dock Icon > Show Disk Activity.

Network

The Network pane shows how much data your Mac is sending or receiving over your network. Use this information to identify which processes are sending or receiving the most data.

The information at the bottom of the Network pane shows total network activity across all apps. The graph moves from right to left and updates at the intervals set in View > Update Frequency. The graph also includes a pop-up menu to switch between showing packets or data as a unit of measurement. The colour blue shows either the number of packets received per second or the amount of data received per second. The colour red shows either the number of packets sent per second or the amount of data sent per second.

To show a graph of network usage in your Dock, choose View > Dock Icon > Show Network Usage.

Energy Used By Apps Machines

Cache

In macOS High Sierra 10.13.4 or later, Activity Monitor shows the Cache pane when Content Caching is enabled in the Sharing pane of System Preferences. The Cache pane shows how much cached content local networked devices have uploaded, downloaded or dropped over time. Rar for mac.

Use the Maximum Cache Pressure information to learn whether to adjust Content Caching settings to provide more disk space to the cache. Lower cache pressure is better. Learn more about cache activity.

The graph at the bottom shows total caching activity over time. Choose from the pop-up menu above the graph to change the interval: last hour, 24 hours, 7 days or 30 days.

Learn more

  • Learn about kernel task and why Activity Monitor might show that it's using a large percentage of your CPU.
  • For more information about Activity Monitor, open Activity Monitor and choose Help > Activity Monitor. You can also see a short description of many items in the Activity Monitor window by hovering the mouse pointer over the item.
Energy

Fundamental Concepts

There’s no single solution for conserving energy on a device. Numerous technologies and operations influence how energy is used:

CPU. The CPU is a major consumer of energy. Periods of high CPU use rapidly drain a user’s battery. Your app uses the CPU for almost everything it does, and it should do so wisely—by doing work only when necessary through batching, scheduling, and prioritizing.

Timers. Timers allow your app to perform repeating actions or delay actions for a later time. Whenever a timer fires, the CPU and various other systems wake from their low-power, idle states, incurring an energy cost that adds up over time. Timers are often used when more efficient tools and methods can achieve the same result.

Graphics. Every time your app’s content updates on screen, it uses energy to produce those pixels. Animations and videos can be especially taxing. Unexpected and unnecessary content updates also drain power. Your app should avoid updating content when its interface isn’t visible to the user. Also, follow recommended guidelines under Animation in OS X Human Interface Guidelines.

Disk I/O. Writes to disk require significantly more energy than reads. This is especially true when writing to flash memory. Writing content to disk should occur only when necessary. Ideally, writes are done in aggregate to achieve higher efficiency.

Networking operations. Most apps perform networking operations. When networking occurs, components such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth power up and use energy. By batching and reducing transactions, compressing data, and appropriately handling errors, your app can make significant contributions to energy conservation.

Energy and Power

Energy and power are two separate but related concepts. Power is an instantaneous measurement (watts) of energy required at any given point in time (Figure 2-1). Energy is a measurement of power used (joules) over a period of time (watt hours). Energy is finite. It’s stored in the battery and dissipates over time as more power is required.

By being aware of energy and taking it into account while developing your app, you can proactively take measures that make your code more efficient. As more apps improve efficiency, users will have batteries that last much longer, in addition to cooler and quieter devices.

Energy Used By Apps Mac Os

CPU Usage and Power Draw

CPU usage is expensive. As more CPU is used, more power draw occurs, more energy is used, and the device’s battery drains faster. Power draw varies based on the device, processor, peripherals, and so on, but Table 2-1 provides a rough comparison of varying CPU usage against an idle state.

The majority of techniques and recommendations throughout this document result in less usage of the CPU.

Table 2-1Example of idle vs. CPU power draw

Idle

10x greater power draw over sleep

1% CPU use

10% greater power draw over idle

10% CPU use

2x power draw over idle

100% CPU use

10x power draw over idle

Fixed Cost and Dynamic Cost

OS X is very good at getting a device into a low power state when it’s not being used. Even at the microsecond scale, such as between keystrokes, the system is able to power down resources that aren’t being used.

At idle, very little power is drawn and energy impact is low. When tasks are actively occurring, system resources are being used and those resources require energy. However, sporadic tasks can cause the device to enter an intermediate state—neither idle nor active—when the device isn’t doing anything. There may not be enough time during these intermediate states for the device to reach absolute idle before the next task executes. When this occurs, energy is wasted and the user’s battery drains faster.

Tasks your app performs have a dynamic cost—how much energy your app uses by doing actual work. They also have a fixed cost—how much energy is used by bringing the system and various resources up in order for your app to do work, and back down after that work is complete. When lots of sporadic work is occurring, there are dynamic costs and a significant fixed cost too, as resources may never get the chance to reach true idle between the sporadic tasks. This situation results in a lot of energy being used for a relatively small amount of actual work. See Figure 2-2.

Trading Dynamic Cost for Fixed Cost

Your app can avoid sporadic work by batching tasks and performing them less frequently. For example, instead of performing a series of sequential tasks on the same thread, distribute those same tasks simultaneously across multiple threads, as shown in Figure 2-3. Each time the CPU is accessed, memory, caches, buses, and so forth must be powered up. By batching activity, components can be powered up once and used over a shorter period of time.

Energy Used By Apps Machine

This strategy incurs a greater up-front dynamic cost—more work is done at a given time, requiring more power. In exchange, you get a dramatic reduction in fixed cost, which results in tremendous energy savings over time. You app draws more power, but it does so more efficiently and over less time. This lets the CPU get back to idle and other components to power down much more quickly.

Mac App Store

As you develop your app, think holistically about its behavior, and try to reduce fixed costs wherever possible.

Energy Used By Apps Mac Free

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